Overview Of The Global Airlines Industry Tourism Essay Example

Overview Of The Global Airlines Industry Tourism Essay Example Overview Of The Global Airlines Industry Tourism Essay Overview Of The Global Airlines Industry Tourism Essay This study identifies the concern environment and draws comparings of the air hose industry refering to states, India and China. An effort has been made to set forth the analyses of the wide macro-environment factors of the industry in footings of Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal factors ( PESTEL ) . Apart from the above, the Five Forces analysis has been carried in order to measure the attraction of the industries and understand their possible for alteration. The Airline industry with relevancy to this study comprises of air transit which includes both scheduled and chartered flights but excludes air freight transit. The Focus of this study is to supply an lineation of the present environmental conditions in footings of the nature of the air hose industry, its construction, sketching the schemes employed by the participants in the air hose industry to prolong in tough economic environment and do an effort to calculate the future environmental conditions. Our premier justification to compare the industry from India and China lies in our belief that the two states would and likely are transforming the planetary economic system in the twenty-first Century. India and China have achieved growing which fared twice every bit much as the planetary economic system growing. A immense and demanding consumer category is besides forcing the economic system due norths and it is indispensable for the states to run into the aspirations of a demanding economic system. Overview of the Global Airlines Industry For the past two old ages, 2008 and 2009, Airline Industry was negatively affected by the economic downswing and the oil monetary value hiking. Now that the planetary economic system is demoing marks of recovery, demand for air travel is increasing from the old old ages down degrees. Battling the recessive consequence has non been easy as assorted steps like cutting costs ; cut downing capacity and increasing burden factor were adopted by the air hose companies globally. Global Airline industry reported grosss of USD 380.5 Billion in 2009, accomplishing a Compounded Annual Growth Rate ( CAGR ) of 2.5 % for the period 2005-2009 ( Datamonitor, Global Airlines Industry ) . The entire figure of riders in the Airline Industry for the twelvemonth numbered 2002.7 million and the Numberss are expected to turn at a CAGR of 5 % to 2551.5 million riders by terminal of 2014. Strong competition and supplier power characterizes the planetary air hoses industry. Even though there are big figure of purchasers, Product distinction is minimum and involves negligible shift costs. It besides leaves the bearer vulnerable to decrease in demand in the industry which is sensitive to the wider economic system. Supplier power in the planetary air hoses industry is strong as dependability and safety of the flights are critical. Entrances to the air hoses industry are restricted due to economic barriers. The up-front costs are immense and significant fiscal backup is required t o cover the initial costs and disbursals henceforth from at that place. Airline companies today are organizing confederation with other companies with the purpose to accomplish diversified web of operations, scale economic systems in footings of purchase of fuel, and even sharing of aircraft to cut down the power of the provider. Code sharing has risen as a phenomenon catching up in the Asia Pacific part of the universe where companies are organizing confederations with other bearers around the universe. Consolidation is a major chance for the participants in the air hose industry to increase their grosss, cost nest eggs and heighten competitory place. The planetary air hoses industry is projected to profit the service suppliers as there is a new client base in the present arising from the emerging economic systems which will fuel the growing of the industry and would see outgrowth of new participants giving more competition to the bing 1s. With continued and sustainable demand for air travel, Airline companies would see chances which would be consistent with the lifting aspirations of people. The Indian Aviation Story In the twelvemonth 2003, the whole universe celebrated the centennial twelvemonth of the powered flight. Indians had to wait for more than a decennary to see the first aircraft airborne from the Indian dirt. In the early December of the twelvemonth 1910, a group of people from Belgium and England came to India with several aeroplanes. The thought was to showcase the wonder of a winging object and to research concern chances from it. Airplanes were showcased after piecing its parts. The groups were able to hold a successful trip as their merchandises were good received and were brought in by the royalties in India. It was December fifteenth 1932 when the first flight in India taken off under the name of Tata Aviation , which subsequently went on to go Air India . Tata Aviation was started by JRD Tata after much protracted dialogues with the authorities of India. Finally, during 1953, an act of nationalising all the air hoses was passed in the parliament and Tata Aviation went on to go Air India which so served the international traffic. The Indian Airline industry has come a long manner today. In the twelvemonth 2009, Indian Airline industry grew by 9 % to make the value of USD 7 billion. It grew by 35.5 % to make a volume of 73.8 million riders. By 2014, it is forecasted to hold a value of USD 17.9 billion and volumes of 156.2 million riders. The Indian Airline industry experience growing even after seeing a period of diminution in 2008. While the growing rate of Indian Airlines industry was far better than that of China, The air hose industry in India could accomplish simply one tierces of gross when compared to the Chinese Airline industry. Like the planetary air hoses industry, Indian air hoses industry is characterized by strong competition and supply power, the purchasers being leisure travellers and concern travellers while fuel providers, aircraft makers and skilled employees as the cardinal providers. High Price sensitiveness due to merchandise distinction being minimum strengthens the power of the purchase rs. Supplier power is strong as air hoses enter into contracts with the providers and the industry lacks options or replacements. Price sensitiveness is high and handiness of alternate strengthens the purchaser power. The entryway into the market poses economic barriers as at that place needs to be solid fiscal back up to come in into this industry. Distributions and set uping webs and booking presence regionally are of critical importance for the success of a company. Competition in the Indian Airline industry is strong and has increased since the presence of the low cost bearers. Costss are the finding factor for air hoses as the Indian consumer today is more monetary value witting than of all time. Over the past two decennaries, the Indian Airline industry has experienced both stagnancy and unprecedented growing. The possible for growing in the Indian Airline industry remains strong as with monolithic population with turning incomes merely adds to the fact that the Airline Industry has a long manner to travel. Presently, merely 2 % of the Indian population prefers to wing by air. Between the twelvemonth 2003 and 2006, Indian Airlines industry s unfastened sky policy opened the floodgates for the reaching of new start up bearers which changed the face of the industry beyond acknowledgment. Liberalization in footings of leting the domestic bearers to travel international and leting the international bearers greater entree to the domestic market spurned the industry to accomplish dual digit growing. However, the addition in traffic increased the top line of the participants in the industry, but due to low borders, lower outputs, unequal airdrome substructure and deficiency of trai ned pilots and applied scientists saw many of the companies shed blooding with negative underside lines. As lifting oil monetary values in the twelvemonth 2008 injury air hoses all over the universe, Indian revenue enhancement systems made the affairs even worse as it added 60 % of entire costs. Carriers were left with no other alternate but to go through on the load to the clients who in bend chose alternate signifiers of transit taking to 10-12 per centum bead in traffic. A more positive environment is get downing to emerge as the Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation ( CAPA ) study suggests. Harmonizing to CAPA, the air hose industry is India is on the way of recovery as figures from the mid twelvemonth 2010 have suggested. Better runing environment, with gradual ascent of air space and land entree development, would merely assist bearers achieve faster turnaround and higher aircraft use. The possible prevarications in the Indian Airlines Industry with CAPA foretelling the industry holding 1000 planes from 400 in the present and 4 times increase in traffic from the current tendencies. The public presentation of the industry is forecasted to speed up and drive the industry to make positive value for the service suppliers every bit good as the clients. Environmental Analysis An appraisal of external macro environment can be carried out by analysing the Political, Economic, Social A ; Technological factors. These factors are beyond a company or an industry s controls and sometimes can present as menaces. Following are the PEST analysis for the Indian Airline Industry. Political Factor In India, Political intervention has effects of all the major industries. The air hose industry in general is really susceptible to the political environment of a state. A state with unstable political environment can do uncertainties in the heads of the traveller to go to that peculiar state. India in peculiar has had to travel through a batch in the recent old ages with mounting tensenesss with its western neighbors. The 26/11 terrorist onslaught on the fiscal capital of India has a profound impact on the air hoses industry. Another illustration of political factor doing jobs for the Airlines Industry in India lies in the corrupt province of personal businesss that lies in the disposal. Bribes have to be paid to obtain licences and licenses. Even late, one of the most respectable business communities in the universe, Mr. Ratan Tata complained about the corruptness job which discouraged him to get down his ain Airline Company. It was alleged that the civil air power curate had asked Mr. Tata a amount of INR 1.5 million as a payoff to give license to get down air services. State owned air hose companies suffer the most because of this job as due to political force per unit area, the authorities companies have to give particular consideration with regard to route choice, offering free seats to the curates etc. The province owned air hose companies can non stand up to the antediluvian Torahs, ordinances and trade brotherhoods which in yesteryear have held the province owned endeavors on ransom. Presently, In footings of Investment FDI of 100 % is allowed in the Airline Sector under the automatic path for Greenfield undertakings. Economic Factors Airline Industry is greatly impacted by the concern rhythms. It is considered a luxury to wing during the recession which so leads to cuts in disbursement finally taking to decrease in the air menus. During prosperity, People spend more and that leads to increase in air menus. Recent planetary recession has had a deep impact on all the major industries in the universe. Aviation Industry excessively had its ain portion of set dorsums. Corporate travellers were cutting back on travel which would salvage costs and leisure travellers had deferred their travel programs. Even a company like Citibank in India had to cut down its costs to increase its net incomes for which even the top directors were allowed merely to go by train. The loss of income due to economic factors forced the air hose companies to put to death the corporate restructuring plan which resulted in several employees being laid off. Turnaround clip, care costs, jet fuels costs, staff costs, benefits costs etc. are some of the disbursals which the air hose companies have to take into consideration while pricing their air tickets. Anything below these costs the company losingss which makes the company unsustainable in the industry/ Social Factors India, being a diverse state has people coming from different parts of the state with different civilization, linguistic communication, nutrient and penchants. Airline industry demand to understand this along with the fact that there are people with varied income group and their demands should be served consequently. India is a land of extremes with people coming from different walks of life. For illustration, a individual subscribing to Jain faith demands to be served a particular Jain nutrient and it could be kept in head that the individual sitting following to him can be a vegetarian. One of the finer illustrations can be drawn from South West Airlines which is a low frills air hoses which has created a niche for itself in that section. It has besides successfully augmented its selling mix scheme which has done admirations for it. Technological Factors Internet has opened avenues for the air hoses industry in a manner which could neer hold been comprehended. For Example, Jet Lite has introduced a service on its web site where it auctions few unreserved place on the flight one hebdomad prior to the going day of the month. About all air hose companies offer their services through the cyberspace. Right from booking the ticket to taking the place where one would prefer to sit on the flight. Apart from this, taking the nutrient from the bill of fare can besides be selected through the cyberspace. Another good illustration of the impact of engineering would be that of the Airport Authority of India, which with the aid of engineering was able to rent out its disused and fresh hangers to international air hoses thereby doing immense net incomes out of the same. Technology development helps cut down costs, saves clip and enhances service public presentation which is critical in a competitory industry like the Airlines industry. Porter s Five Forces Michael Porter introduced a model that theoretical accounts a sector or an industry as being influenced by five forces. This analysis has five-core element. These are 1. Dickering Power of Suppliers 2. New Entrants 3. Menace of Substitutes 4. Competitive Competition 5. Dickering Power of Customers Dickering Power of Suppliers Suppliers for the Indian Airlines industry like other locations around the universe every bit far as flight makers are concerned are really limited. Globally, Airbus and Boeing are the lone providers of aircraft which suit the industry demands. There is limited bargaining chance for the Airline Industry in India hence is a menace for the industry. New Entrants It was hard for a new participant to come in the Airline Industry in India. There were tonss of barriers to entry. Capital Investment to come in this industry is really high but Bankss have increased the possibilities to avail short term or long term loans with less involvement rate thereby increasing the menace of new entrants in the present markets. Menace of Substitutes International paths do non hold any menaces as there is barely any other signifier of executable transit available. However, Domestic travel can be competitory as high airfares encourage clients to look for options ways to acquire to their finishs. Rail A ; Road are likely the merely executable option available as they are merely economical for shorter distances. A client would prefer to go long distance via route or rail merely if the clip factor allows the client to take the option options. Competition Competition Competition within the industry is pretty intense at the minute as all the air hoses are competing for attract client by offering lower menus, rank privileges, free repasts on board and other extra benefits to catch the client from the rivals. Dickering Power of Customer Indian travellers are extremely monetary value medium. With handiness of many air hoses to take, cheaper monetary value difference might merely exchange the client to take from one air hose to another. Customers have some opportunity of bargaining in the domestic market as competition is intense in it whereas International paths gives less operations to deal.

The Best Guide to Completing Summer Homework Fast

The Best Guide to Completing Summer Homework Fast The thing that every student looks forward to is summer vacation. That beautiful time of the year when the weather is perfect and the freedom to enjoy life without all the stress of school is a reality rather than a dream. For many though, the summer isnt just a time for relaxing. Most have summer homework that they have been assigned by their teachers to complete before the new school year begins. But why do teachers assign summer homework? Well, the answer is simple, teachers assign summer homework as a way of keeping the students’ mind sharp and as a way of getting students prepared for the year to come. How much summer homework gets assigned? Generally, most teachers assign what works out to be about an hour of summer homework a day if broken down into manageable sections that get completed throughout the summer holiday. This can be a simple and easy task for those that have good time management skills. Others, however, find the idea of doing homework over the summer unbearable and thus end up trying to finish it all in the last few days before school starts again. While this may often feel overwhelming, the truth is that it doesnt have to be. There are many ways to get a lot of that summer homework done quickly while still retaining the most important parts of the information. It doesnt matter if you are: Lazy Busy with other work Have trouble finding time to balance work/school/home Just enjoying a beautiful summer Sick All of the tips, tricks, and advice listed here for completing summer homework fast are designed to work with any students’ schedule no matter the deadline! For Summer Reading Homework Some people hate reading, especially if the subject matter is dense, boring, or both. Others dont like to read because it requires too much time and concentration. And of course, there are those that just never went out to pick up the book in the first place. If you have a ton of pages that you need to read before school starts and find yourself without the time or the motivation to get it done then do we have some solutions for you! Book Notes, Guides, and Analysis There are several online resources that provide full-length analysis of fiction and non-fiction books that are commonly assigned for summer reading. Some of the benefits of these sites, beyond making your summer reading go much faster, is that they provide detailed information on plot, character development, storyline, and much more to give you all the information about a book without having to sit and read through the whole thing. They include: Sparknotes Provides detailed information on the most common works of literature that are assigned to junior high, high school, and university students. Cliff Notes Similar to Sparknotes, but also includes study guides and a variety of search functions to find exactly what you are looking to fully understand your required reading. PinkMonkey The great thing about PinkMonkey is that it includes more than just reading materials. You can also find a vast amount of resources for studying for various standardized testing that makes reading a full, and boring, test prep book a quick and easy process. BookRags If you have to write something after you have â€Å"read† it then you will find BookRags instrumental in giving you resources, study guides, bios, interviews, encyclopedia research, and more to help you get your reading and writing done quickly, easily, and just in time for school to start again. Audio Options If you have other more exciting things to be doing on your computer, or find internet reading and research just as daunting as actually reading a book, then consider the following options for getting your summer reading done without actually having to read a page: Local Library This place is a great resource for finding audio books. This lets you â€Å"read† any time anywhere! Whether you go out to the park to listen, pop in an audiobook while you are driving around, or keep it on in the background while you are playing your favorite video game, audiobooks are perfect for anyone that doesnt want to sacrifice the last few days of summer vacation activities while learning! Audible Created by Amazon, and boasting one of the largest collection of audio learning materials including books, papers, and other educational material for students. OverDrive OverDrive works with over 30,000 public libraries to let you download their audio material right to your device. The best part is that it is free and works with just about any operating system. All you need is your library or student card to rent and download the exact reading material you need to finish your summer homework reading requirements! For Summer Writing Homework If your summer homework requires a lot of writing and you have a short amount of time then try out some of these options for getting it done quick! Study Group These days everything is crowdsourced. Why not do the same thing with your summer writing homework? Get together with some friends that also need to get work done fast and work as a team to get that writing done. Having people around who can provide support and critiques for your writing will make it go much faster and provide you with a better pool of ideas, words, and subject matter to cover. Professional Writing Services If you find that writing is just not your thing, or, you just dont know enough about a topic, then try hiring a professional writing service to complete unique and professional writing assignments for you tailored to your specific needs. Companies like EssayTigers are perfect at getting papers done quickly by their experienced pool of educators and academics who are ready to write anything you need! Grammarly While you will still have to do the writing yourself, the nice thing about Grammarly is that it can provide you with information about flow, content, syntax, overall readability, plagiarism, and much more. Just type out a rough draft of your writing and run it through their editing software to get a detailed report of how you can quickly and easily adjust your writing to be exactly what you need to get the grades that you want. These options will greatly decrease the amount of time that you spend writing and increase the time you spend enjoying the last remaining days of summer stress-free! The Takeaway While the benefits of learning can be high when it comes to assigning summer homework, the fact is that it can be a daunting task to complete and doesnt always benefit the student depending on the amount of work assigned. This is especially true for those that have other obligations like work and family to take care of over the summer. What happens if you dont finish your summer homework? Well, that can depend on the school, the teacher, and the student. Most commonly, not finishing summer homework can result in lower grades and test scores. Additionally, not finishing summer homework can put a student behind before the school year starts, marking the beginning of what should be a productive school year with stress and anxiety. By the way, have you seen our post on legendary homework excuses? The best way, obviously, to complete summer homework is to section it out into manageable blocks that you can do throughout the summer. However, if you find that you are running short on time to complete your summer homework, then the advice and resources listed above will allow you to quickly complete your summer homework so that you can be ready for the new school year to come! So what are you waiting for? Get started now!

Management of tricyclic antidepressant overdose Essay

Management of tricyclic antidepressant overdose - Essay Example The major use of the drugs belonging to this class has been of course as an antidepressant, but they have also found to be effective in controlling enuresis and attention deficit disorder in children and incontinence in the elderly. Other miscellaneous indications for use are Migraine, chronic pain, neuralgias, hiccups and irritable bowel syndrome. However the Therapeutic Index of these drugs has a narrow margin of safety i.e. the dose level between therapeutic and toxic level is very less. This accounts for several cases of adverse effects and acute toxicity with these compounds. The toxicity is due to the same manner and mechanism of action in which the drug exerts its therapeutic action. Although poorly understood, the TCAs are hypothesized to exert their therapeutic action by preventing the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin by the presynaptic neuron. This results in an increased supply of these neurotransmitters in the synapse, which continues to stimulate the effector cells and organs. It is this constant stimulation that is believed to be responsible for the clinical improvement in depression (Baldessarini, 1989). According to Richelson (1982) TCAs are also competitive antagonists of histamine H1 andH2 receptors. They also block muscarinic acetylcholine and alpha-one adrenergic receptors. The toxicity symptoms and presentations are manifested as central nervous system toxicity in the form of myoclonic seizures, cardiovascular complications like life threatening arrhythmias, asystole, ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation. The patient is usually presented with symptoms of orthostatic hypotension which is quite common with TCA use and is independent of the age factor and in some cases is followed by cardiac arrest. Treatment is aimed at reversing the effects of the TCAs by specific antagonists, promoting elimination of the drug and its metabolites from the body and reestablishing

Business Ethics of WorldCom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Business Ethics of WorldCom - Essay Example The company was declared bankrupt due to the wrong ways that were used to handle the accounts of the company. As earlier stated, when WorldCom was declared bankrupt, the company officials at the time worked nervously to restate the financial status of the company and to reorganize its operations. This shows the extent to which the company had lost a lot due to unethical accounting. The relevance of business ethics in the case Ethical behaviors are considered the important characteristics that are needed by effective leaders. In the case study, WorldCom received destruction that occurred when the corporation was not in the situation to behave ethically. This was mainly for those who were involved in accounting in the company. Ethics in the case also is relevant as it shows the outcomes that were obtained when there was no holding of ethical standards. The fall out that was experienced in WorldCom was important. The competitors learned from the fallout and they were able to improve the ir operation and consider ethical standards in operations. Impact of the ethical problem The fraud that led to the bankruptcy of WorldCom affected the behavior and the lives of individuals and the community that the industry operated. Some individuals who were permanently affected by the fraud were Cynthia Cooper. She participated in uncovering the fraud and this made her win several awards. The fraud that also led to the fallout of the company gave the advantage to the competitors of the company such as Verizon.

The Struggles and the Victories of Modern France Essay Example for Free

The Struggles and the Victories of Modern France Essay Introduction Modern France has been a product of the historical struggles between the then prevailing Catholic Church and monarchy and the rising influence of intellectuals and revolutionaries. Pierre Birnbaums The Idea of France traces the roots of the modern French state and how the current status quo had been influenced by the ideological, political and social struggles that have shaken the country. Essentially, Birnbaum argued that France as we know it today was a product of one of the most important periods in the history of France- the Enlightenment and the French Revolution of 1789. Hence, much of what democracy in France today can be attributed to that period and the succeeding years of struggle to reach its current political stability. The Idea of France France according to Birnbaum has seen its soul as residing in a privileged relationship with reason (Birnbaum, xiii). This hallmarks the principles of enlightenment where reason was the primary tool in governing human activity particularly in the affairs of the state, the individuals and the society. Hence, it was a call to end the prevailing rule of the Church and the monarchy that was the remnants of the Middle Ages which is seen by the revolutionists as irrational and superstitious. Therefore, from the side of the revolution activists, the emergence of the power residing in the people emerged through the National Assembly or the Third Estate which received criticisms and oppositions from the traditionalists composed of the monarchy and the Church. From the oppositions and the struggle for supremacy in the government, Birnbaum argued that these antagonistic forces had served as the birthmark of the contemporary French democracy particularly its emphasis on plurality. While Modern France was built in over 200 years after the Enlightenment period, this era according to Birnbaum marked the time when the future of modern France was first hallmarked. In doing so, Birnbaum traced the origins and the development of the political antagonists and protagonists in order to support and defend the current status quo in an era when monarchy and the belief in the divine power was the norm. The division of France also stemmed from philosophers- those defending the reign of the Catholic Church and the monarchy and those who had been advocating a reform in the current system as advocated by the likes of Tocqueville. Hence, Birnbaum described the Third Republic as fraught with divisiveness reaching its peak in the Bloody Week of June 1871 and the conservatives gaining the upper hand. However, this victory was temporary and the ensuing Liberation and the Fourth Republic was established. At this time, France has already shifted to a parliamentary form of government existing in a coalition. At this time, the changes that were advocated during the French Revolution has been on process and the divisiveness still existed. It was only in the Fifth Republic that the political factions waned and the Republic and the Catholic Church evolved- they no longer exhibited the hatred that once fuelled their ideologies but rather have reformed their principles to change the anti-clericism. In doing so, the French government was able to provide for a pluralistic government as well as a cultural pluralism in the society of France. Analysis   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The primary strength of Birnbaums book is its ability to depict the contradictory forces in French history as both protagonists of democracy: it objectively portrayed the Catholic Church and the monarchy was essential elements in the reformation of a modern France. In doing so, Birnbaum avoids the overtly one-sided depiction of French history as nothing more than a struggle between proponents and opponents of democracy. Each had been ancillary to the other. Needless to say, the French Revolution occurred due to these two forces. Second, Birnbaum treated the 200 years and more as a history not only of politics but also of philosophies and of the people. For one, Birnbaum showed the historical context of the Modern France through a careful and thorough analysis of the cultural struggles in the country at the time. Moreover, it included an analysis of how France was able to overcome the multiculturalism at the time in order to give way to a more tolerant and a brand of French culturalism that is unique. Consequently, upon reading the book, one would appreciate the uniqueness of the French society and its struggles particularly in ushering the Enlightenment period. Hence, Birnbaum also showed readers and scholars from all over the world that the role France has played in modern democracies and current governmental structures are important. Third, while most history books would have delved into too much detail hence, focusing more on facts than on the importance of those facts, Birnbaum was able to capture the readers attention by focusing on the latter: the importance of events can only be appreciated if it can be related to what is relevant at the time and in modern times. Consequently, the only weakness of the book has been its inability to thoroughly relate the world events at the time and how it influenced the Frenchs history as well as how France had influenced other societies. While this is not central to the books theme, it would have given the readers the idea how revolutionary and how important the events in French history had been at a time when most governments are governed by the Church. Conclusion   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Guided by reason and a vision that looks at the society and the people as the primary guiding force for the changes in the society, The Idea of France rested on the argument that historical forces are all protagonists in shaping what French society and government is today. The actors primarily the Republicans and the Catholic Church and the monarchy including the opposing intellectuals and the people versus the nobility- all of these had been instrumental in creating the France that we know today. Modern democracies such as that of France springs from a multitude of events- in the case of The Idea of France it had been the increasing dismay of the people on the status quo governed by the Church and the monarchy. Essentially, The Idea of France by Birnbaum aptly captured the struggles and the victories of France in paving the way for a more democratic form of government particularly in establishing a government by the people and for the people. Concurrently, the struggle of France had endured years before it finally established the Modern France that we know today. Essentially, it is during the period of the Enlightenment and the succeeding years after it that the idea of modern France had been crafted and cemented. Work Cited Birnbaum, Pierre. The Idea of France. Hill and Wang. 352 pages. 2001.

Sophocles Antigone - The Stubborn Antigone and Creon :: Antigone essays

The Tragic Duo of Antigone and Kreon In the play Antigone, both Antigone and Kreon could be considered tragic heros. A tragic hero, defined by A Dictionary of Literary, Dramatic and Cinematic Terms, is someone who suffers due to a tragic flaw, or hamartia. This Greek word is variously translated as "tragic flaw" or "error" or "weakness". Kreon's hamartia, like in many plays, is hybris - Greek for overweening pride, arrogance, or excessive confidence. Kreon's hybris causes him to attempt to violate the laws of order or human rights, another main part of a tragic hero. Also, like all tragic heroes, Kreon suffers because of his hamartia and then realizes his flaw. The belief that Antigone is the hero is a strong one, but there is a stronger belief that Kreon, the Ruler of Thebes, is the true protagonist. Kreon's main and foremost hamartia was his hybris, or his extreme pride. Kreon was a new king, and he would never let anyone prove him wrong or let anyone change his mind once it was made. One main event that showed Kreon's hamartia and also caused the catastrophe was when he asked his son Haimon, who was engaged to marry Antigone, if he still loves his father. Haimon says he respects Kreon's ruling, but he feels, in this case, that Kreon was wrong. Haimon asks his father to take his advice and not have Antigone executed, but, because of Kreon's hybris, Kreon gets furious and makes the situation worse then it already was. He was way too proud to take advice from someone younger, and in his anger he decided to kill Antigone right away in front of Haimon's eyes. "'Just understand: You don't insult me and go off laughing. Bring her here! Let him see her. Kill her here, beside her bridegroom'" (Sophocles 919-921). This was too much for Haimon to take, and he runs out of the room, yelling, "'...her death will destroy others'" (Sophocles 908). Blinded by his pride and arrogance, Kreon takes that remark as a threat to himself, unknowing that it wasn't directed to himself, but was a suicide threat by his own son. Another example of Kreon's tragic pride is when the prophet, Teiresias, travels all the way to Thebes to tell Kreon very important news, but Kreon pride makes him ignore it and he accuses Teiresias of being bribed.

Presenting for Success Quotes

â€Å"Life’s like a movie, write your own ending Keep believing, keep pretending We’ve done just what we’ve set out to do Thanks to the lovers, the dreamers, and you. † – Kermit the frog â€Å"There are two types of people – those who come into a room and say, ‘Well, here I am! ’ and those who come in and say, ‘Ah, there you are. ’† – Frederick Collin â€Å"The greatest power ever bestowed upon mankind is the power of choice. Choose to persist without exception. Hold fast to your dreams and stay the course, even in the face of exhaustion, rejection, and uncertainty. † – Andy Andrews Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things you didn't do than by the ones you did do. So throw off the bowlines. Sail away from the safe harbor. Catch the trade winds in your sails. Explore. Dream. Discover. † -Mark Twain â€Å"People often say that motivation doesn't last. Well, n either does bathing.That's why we recommend it daily! † – Zig Ziglar â€Å"A positive attitude won’t help you do anything, but it will help you do everything better than negative thinking. † – Zig Ziglar â€Å"We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, therefore, is not an act but a habit. – Aristotle â€Å"Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Willing is not enough; we must do. † – Johann Wolfgang von Goethe â€Å"You gain strength, courage and confidence by every experience in which you really stop to look fear in the face†¦ You must do the thing you think you cannot do. † – Eleanor Roosevelt Nothing in this world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not; nothing is more common than unsuccessful people with talent. Genius will not; unrewarded genius is almost a proverb. Education will not; the world is full of educated derelicts. Calvin Coolidge May we never let the things we can’t have, or don’t have, or shouldn’t have, spoil our enjoyment of the things we do have and can have. As we value our happiness, let us not forget it, for one of the greatest lessons in life is learning to be happy without the things we cannot or should not have. – Richard L. Evans Did you ever see an unhappy horse? Did you ever see bird that had the blues? One reason why birds and horses are not unhappy is because they are not trying to impress other birds and horses. – Dale CarnegieWhen one door of happiness closes, another opens; but often we look so long at the closed door that we do not see the one that has been opened for us. – Helen Keller There are three types of people in this world: those who make things happen, those who watch things happen and those who wonder what happened. We all have a choice. You can decide which type of person you want to be. I have always chosen to be in the first group. – Mary Kay Ash I think there is something, more important than believing: Action! The world is full of dreamers, there aren't enough who will move ahead and begin to take concrete steps to actualize their vision. W. Clement Stone What this power is I cannot say; all I know is that it exists and it becomes available only when a man is in that state of mind in which he knows exactly what he wants and is fully determined not to quit until he finds it. – Alexander Graham Bell A man can be as great as he wants to be. If you believe in yourself and have the courage, the determination, the dedication, the competitive drive and if you are willing to sacrifice the little things in life and pay the price for the things that are worthwhile, it can be done. – Vince Lombardi You've got o sing like you don't need the money, love like you'll never get hurt. You've got to dance like no one is watching. It's gotta come from the heart, if you want it to work. – Susannah Clark Don't say you don't have enough time. You have exac tly the same number of hours per day that were given to Helen Keller, Michaelangelo, Mother Teresa, Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas Jefferson, and Albert Einstein. – H. Jackson Brown If you want to get somewhere you have to know where you want to go and how to get there. Then never, never, never give up. – Norman Vincent PealeFor many people, an excuse is better than an achievement because an achievement, no matter how great, leaves you having to prove yourself again in the future but an excuse can last for life. – Eric Hoffer If I were asked to give what I consider the single most useful bit of advice for all humanity, it would be this: Expect trouble as an inevitable part of life, and when it comes, hold your head high. Look it squarely in the eye, and say, â€Å"I will be bigger than you. You cannot defeat me. – Ann Landers Crystallize your goals. Make a plan for achieving them and set yourself a deadline.Then, with supreme confidence, determination and dis regard for obstacles and other people's criticisms, carry out your plan. – Paul Meyer Goals help focus you on areas in both your personal and professional life that are important and meaningful, rather than being guided by what other people want you to be, do, or accomplish. – Catherine Pulsifer Success is waking up in the morning, whoever you are, wherever you are, however old or young, and bounding out of bed because there's something out there you love to do, that you believe in, that you're good at — something that's bigger than you are, and you can hardly wait to get at it again today. Whit Hobbs Somehow I can't believe that there are any heights that can't be scaled by someone who knows the secrets of making dreams come true. This special secret – curiosity, confidence, courage, and constancy, and the greatest of all is confidence. When you believe in a thing, believe in it all the way, implicitly and unquestionable. – Walt Disney I believe l ife is constantly testing us for our level of commitment, and life's greatest rewards are reserved for those who demonstrate a never-ending commitment to act until they achieve. This level of resolve can move mountains, but it must be constant and consistent. – Tony Robbins

Unit 7 Perds Childcare

P7 Task 2 Write a short report on how you’re setting promotes positive images of children and reflects a diverse society. Include in your report: P7. 5 Explain how the setting promotes positive images of children and reflects a diverse society An image which presents a mixture of cultural backgrounds coming together such as an Asian and black girls playing together, this will show children that they are able to play with different races and therefore a positive image.Promoting a positive image is important especially in settings which work closely with children because once a child enters a setting they take interest in the images and objects around them, and by seeing images that celebrates different cultures and background will teach the child and allow them to see how others live and play together. To prompting positive image my setting takes pictures of the children interacting with each other through play and work. Once the child and other children see this on display the y repeat the same thing because of the positive effect it has had on them.This helps to build children’s self-esteem through play because now they will be able to interact with a range of different children and create a wider friendship group. It is important for settings such as nurseries to reflect on the way they promote positive images because the images that a child sees at an early age can influence behaviour. According to public opinion journalist Walter Lippman â€Å"the little picture we carry around in our heads†. Children will then start to relate life to that image the now have in their heads.Nurseries should incorporate images around the world so that children can have a better understanding of those around them, also that the children don't assume that the one image that they setting has is the right image for them or the characters that they see on Walt Disney such as Cinderella, sleeping beauty and snow white is the appropriate way for a young lady to d ress or behave as a damsel in distress. Walt Disney presents young ladies as sexual beings that cannot help themselves but wait for that handsome prince to come and save them.Girls are passed images like this from a young age with creates that stereotype image in their head which can affect their behaviour the way they think and act as they grow through their adolescents and adult years. Creating a diverse society by welcoming every family, regardless of their sexual orientation, family status, religion, race and ability will allow the every child and family member to feel welcome in that setting. This also allows children from an early age to understand that every child is an individual and has their own ability.This is why we have a welcome poster which has a number of ways in which parents and staff welcome each other, this encourages and shows that the setting is welcoming. P7. 6 Describe a resource which uses positive images The recent Christmas advert by M, included a child wi th Down syndrome, this images allows other children with Down syndrome and their families to see that they too can do what is considered â€Å"normal†, this image was then displayed as part of a mixture of images at my setting.An image which presents a mix of races in a family photo sends the message to children that the colour of a person skin doesn’t determine who or can be in their family. The media is a strong resource which in many ways controls the child's sub-conscious minds. Through media we are now able to see a more positive and realistic image of the world we live in. This summer was the 2012 Paralympics, showed on television live for the first time, this showed people who were deemed disabled to overcome the impossible in their lives.The Paralympics showed people without limbs, running races, swimming laps and the visually impaired playing football. The media holds many connection to what humans see and keep in their minds, what newspapers print out, what s hows advertise and how all add to the positive images we see today. At many of the settings I have worked in have book corners or library's, containing a number of books from based on different cultural background such as the well-known story ‘handa's surprise' this book shows a African girl planning to surprise her friend, this story shows children how to be kind, and nice. P7. Evaluate briefly your learning from finding information for this report For this report I researched the many different ways in which we see images, whether it be a positive or negative image. I learned about the effects on a child from the images they see in their settings, on the streets and in their homes. This report has made me to understand the effects of Barbie dolls and action figures have on a child's sub-conscious mind. Images of young vulnerable beautiful ladies who find themselves in some sort of danger and the only way to get help are through a strong handsome man, these images presented t ime and time again by Disney.But images by presented by Dream works, where the woman are able to defend for themselves, male and female are equals and they fight crime together such as Shrek and princess Fiona. This image shows both girls and boys that they are equal also that not all girls are â€Å"weak† and â€Å"vulnerable†, boys don’t have to be the â€Å"hero†. I had not realised how wide-spread gender stereotyping is. Properly because I am so used to seeing it all the time, I did not really question it or the influences pictures have on us.Images are seen through many resources such as the media which is a massive impact, what we see on bulletin board, adverts, posters in stores and parents. From this short report I was able to understand that an image might be positive or negative just by what a person says or the Picture portrays. A simple image e. g. a family with mixed races from around the world, a simple comment such as â€Å"we are familyâ €  could slowly show a child that diversity is a good thing, but if the comment was â€Å"that aren’t right, they don’t look the same†, will create in the child’s mind that every member of a family has too look the same.I think that in future when I see a new form of attraction whether through the media, books or toys that I will look closely at the aims that other I. e. parents and young children may not see. Task 3 P7. 8 Describe TWO (2) examples of activities or experiences which encourage children’s awareness of their own and other’s safety One day at my setting I witnessed a child running with scissors in his hand, I stopped the child and told the practitioner; once I told the practitioner and she immediately call all the children to the carpet to talk to them.She asked them if they knew why she called them all to the carpet, many thought it were to practice for their school play, and others thought it was a game. The practitioner th en explained to children that they are sitting on the carpet because of what she was told that someone was running with scissors. She then asked the children if scissors are dangerous. The children replied in simultaneous voice, â€Å"yes†, she then asked should we through or run with scissors in our hands? The children replied â€Å"no† and where should the scissors stay when we want to move around the room? On the table†. The practitioner then explained to the children that if these rule where broken that someone could get seriously hurt. At my last lesson I was able to take part in going a school trip to the natural museum with the nursery class. The day before the trip I helped the practitioners in the class to set up a miniature road course, by placing red, yellow and green cones on either side of the playground. The three cones represented the traffic light; I also placed images of the red and green man on the floor on the opposite side of the playground.My job was to control the red/green men, as the practitioners explained to the children, the instruction and the role of each individual sign and their jobs we began the activity. I watched the practitioner get the children in to peers as they will be the next day, once the children were ready and settled the children where walked around the pretend road side, once they came across me at the traffic lights I Held over my head the red man as the practitioner as the children what the symbol meant. She also explained in detail why it is dangerous to cross when this symbol is show.Once the practitioner had finished explaining about the red man, could out the traffic light colours in descending order then swopped the red man for the green man. The practitioner then repeated the same explanation by about the green man, after she has explained she lead the children across safely. P7. 9 Reflect on the effectiveness of the activities or experiences in practice My first experience was not a pla nned activity but was effective in its own way; it was affective in a way whereby the practitioner asked the children questions to identify what they knew about running in the class with sharp objects like scissors.From asking them questions the practitioner and my self was able to see that the children did know the rules but needed to be reminded. I think that if the class had posters of the rules in the class it would remind the children. In the future we can get the children to create their own posters on road safety. I feel that my second activity was very effective because it created a pretend scenario for the children which they will encounter the next day. This activity explained the different symbols, why they are there to keep us safe.This activity also taught the children what to look out for and how to follow the road signs. By the practitioner asking the children questions she was able to notice who has started to understand the signs and who needs more explanations. If I was to repeat this activity, I would allow the children to pick which symbol or sign they think it correct for at point in time this is because it evolves the children and allows myself and other practitioners to see what the child may already know or has picked up.

Mitchell Surname Meaning and Family History

Mitchell Surname Meaning and Family History The Mitchell surname is a common form or corruption of the given name Michael, meaning big or one who is like God. Mitchell is the 44th most popular surname in the United States and the 15th most common surname in Scotland. Mitchell is also popular in England, coming in as the 51st most common surname. Surname Origin:  Scottish, English, Irish Alternate Surname Spellings:  MICHELL, MICHILL, MACMICHAEL, MACMICHELL, MECHEL, MEITCHEL, MICHISON, MICHIE, MITCHAL, MITCHEL, MICHELSON, MITCHELLSON, MITCHISON, MITCHOL, MITSCHAEL, MITSSCHAL, MITTCHEL, MYCHELL, MYTCHELL, MCMICHAEL, MICHEL Famous People with the MITCHELL  Surname Margaret Mitchell  -  American author, best known for her novel Gone With the WindArthur Mitchell  - first African American Democrat elected to Congress  Maria Mitchell  - first professional female astronomer in the United States; the comet she discovered in 1847 became known as Miss Mitchells CometWilliam Billy Mitchell  - American military aviation pioneer Where Is the MITCHELL Surname Most Common? Mitchell  is the 808th most common surname in the world, according to surname distribution data from  Forebears. It is most prevalent in the United States, where it ranks as the 46th most common last name, and is also common in countries such as England (51st), Australia (37th), Canada (49th), Scotland (23rd) and New Zealand (27th). WorldNames PublicProfiler  indicates the Mitchell surname is especially common in Scotland, as well as Australia, New Zealand, Ireland and the United States. Within Scotland, Mitchell is found in the greatest numbers in northern Scotland, including Moray, Aberdeenshire, Angus, Perth and Kinross, and Fife. There is also a greater percentage of Mitchells in East Ayrshire.   Genealogy Resources for the Surname MITCHELL Mitchell  Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as a Mitchell family crest or coat of arms for the Mitchell surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.100 Most Common U.S. Surnames Their MeaningsSmith, Johnson, Williams, Jones, Brown... Are you one of the millions of Americans sporting one of these top 100 common last names from the 2000 census? MITCHELL  DNA ProjectMore than  250 members with Mitchell roots in Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia, France, Germany, Poland, Canada, and the United States,  have joined this project for the Mitchell surname to  work together to find their common heritage through DNA testing and sharing of information. MITCHELL Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on descendants of Mitchell  ancestors around the world. Search the forum for posts about your Mitchell ancestors, or join the forum and post your own queries.   FamilySearch - MITCHELL GenealogyExplore over 7.2 million  results from digitized  historical records and lineage-linked family trees related to the Mitchell surname on this free website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. MITCHELL Surname Mailing ListFree mailing list for researchers of the Mitchell surname and its variations includes subscription details and a searchable archives of past messages. GeneaNet - Mitchell RecordsGeneaNet includes archival records, family trees, and other resources for individuals with the Mitchell surname, with a concentration on records and families from France and other European countries. The Mitchell  Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse genealogy records and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the Mitchell surname from the website of Genealogy Today. Ancestry.com: Mitchell SurnameExplore over 15  million digitized records and database entries, including census records, passenger lists, military records, land deeds, probates, wills and other records for the Mitchell surname on the subscription-based website, Ancestry.com. Source Cottle, Basil.  Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David.  Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph.  Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick and Flavia Hodges.  A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick.  Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H.  A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C.  American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997.

Unsaturated Definition in Chemistry

Unsaturated Definition in Chemistry In chemistry, the term unsaturated usually refers to one of two things. When referring to chemical  solutions, an unsaturated solution is able to dissolve more solute. In other words, the solution is not saturated. An unsaturated solution is more dilute than a saturated solution. When referring to organic compounds, unsaturated means a molecule contains double or triple carbons of unsaturated organic molecules include HCCH and H2CO. In this context, being saturated can be thought of as being saturated with hydrogen atoms. Saturation can also refer to the percentage of protein binding sites that are filled or the the lack of susceptibility of an organometallic compound to oxidative addition. Whenever the term saturation is used in chemistry, it refers to whether a phenomenon is close to maximum capacity.. Source Badertscher, M.; Bischofberger, K.; Munk, M.E.; Pretsch, E. (2001). A Novel Formalism To Characterize the Degree of Unsaturation of Organic Molecules. Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling. 41 (4): 889. doi:10.1021/ci000135o

Investment Risk Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Investment Risk - Research Paper Example These might include people who either have very small investments or can not afford to diversify; or people who have very strong belief that the stock in which they have concentrated their investments into, will perform as good as they desire. There are many risks to an investment in stocks that an ordinary shareholder has to experience and has to deal with, in order to ensure that his or her investment does not result into a loss. One easiest way to minimize risks is to invest into only those stocks that belong to the companies that are generally called 'blue chips'. These are the most stable in the market and have little risk of the investment going bad. But, these are also accompanied by a lower rate of return. As a general rule, the higher the risk, the higher the gain, and vice versa. Hence, it is critical for the investor to understand the nature of company he or she is investing into. The risks are required to be kept low but at the same time, the purpose of the investment is to earn profits. This takes us to the discussion around the efficient frontier, which is explained as the optimum portfolio that gives the highest returns while ensuring the security and risk appetite of the investor. This is called as the optimal portfolio or operating at the efficient frontier. Whenever an investor invests into any stock, he or she takes on two broad kinds of risks, known as systematic risk and non-systematic risk. The systematic risk is due to market conditions like interest rate movements, recession in the economy and other factors that are not in the control of the investors. The non-systematic risk, however, is the one that can be reduced to lower levels using various strategies for risk management including diversification. Diversification is defined as keeping one's investments into different securities instead of keeping all money in one stock. This is important since different market conditions affect the stock market differently and this affect does not appear on all stocks in the same fashion. Hence, it is possible that an investor faces huge losses by keeping all the investments in specific stocks. Diversification allows the standard deviation around the desired average investment returns to be minimum which is what is desired from the stock inv estments. Any portfolio that lies on the efficient frontier has least risk and the most optimal return on the investment. Investors should aim to achieve this efficient frontier in order to reap the maximum benefits with least loss expectancy. Hence, the concepts of portfolio risk, portfolio investment theory and efficient frontier are closely tied together. This framework is called Modern Portfolio